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Reference Base  A review of some life history features of the large herbi... |
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| Title: |
A review of some life history features of the large herbivores of Africa |
| Author(s): |
Mentis, M.T. |
| Year published: |
1972 |
| Journal: |
Lammergeyer |
| Volume: |
16 |
| Pages: |
1-89 |
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| File: |
View PDF: 549,7 kb |
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Location:
Subject:
Species:
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World
Reproduction
White Rhino
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| Age at sexual maturity. Appear to be no substantiated observations, but Vaughan-Kirby (1920) and Lang (1920) estimated 4-5 years.
Age at first parturition. From above may be 5 ? to 6 ? years. Reported 6-7 years in Umfolozi GR (Owen Smith 1971). |
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Location:
Subject:
Species:
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World
Ecology - Population
Black Rhino
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| Records of longevity in captivity (Reynolds 1962): there are numerous instances of captive animals exceeding 20 years of age, and the following three exceeding 30 years:
Male 34 yrs 14 days in Johannesburg
Male 34 years in Chicago
Female 36 years in Chicago and still living
In addition, Godda... |
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Location:
Subject:
Species:
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World
Ecology - Population
White Rhino
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| Population sex ratios:
n=409 males 213 females 188
n=226 males 116 females 110
Concludes sex ration 1:1 (Vincent 1969) |
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Location:
Subject:
Species:
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World
Reproduction
White Rhino
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| Gestation period
548-578 days (Kenneth & Ritchie 1953)
614 days (Anon. 1968)
584 days (Wilson 1969)
476 days (Vincent 1969)
482 days (Vincent 1969) |
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Location:
Subject:
Species:
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World
Ecology - Population
Black Rhino
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| The following figures show little departure from a sex ration of 1: 1 (from Goddard 1967, 1970; Hitchins 1968):
Male Female
Adults 37 29
22 19
87 81
167 170
Immatures 19 21
& junveniles 18 14
16 15
Immatures 27 42... |
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Location:
Subject:
Species:
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World
Reproduction
Black Rhino
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| Gestation periods.
469 days (Dittrich 1967)
446, 478 days (Goddard 1967)
457 days (Gowda 1967)
438, 419, 438 days (Greed 1967.
4 observations of slightly greater than 17 months, another of 15 months (Hallstrom 1967)
463, 454, 457 days (Hays 1967)
465, 462 days (Yamamoto 1967)
Mean length... |
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Location:
Subject:
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World
Reproduction
Black Rhino
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| Age at sexual maturity. In captive rhinos:
First mating male 7 yrs male & female 4 ? yrs female 7 yrs
female 9 yrs
First successful mating male & female 6 yrs female 8 yrs
In wild rhino:
The following are observations of Goodard (1970) at Ngorongoro
F 1961 ... |
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Location:
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World
Ecology - Population
White Rhino
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| Female 21 years (Huntley 1967). female 36 years old still bearing calves (Player & Feely 1960). |
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Subject:
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Africa - Southern Africa - South Africa
Reproduction
White Rhino
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| Calving interval:
2 ? years, 2 1/4 years, 2 ? - 3 years in Kruger NP.
4.33 years at Loskop Dam.
However, Owen-Smith has observed in Umfolozi GR oestrus at 6-7 months post-partum, indicating that calving interval may be as little as 21-22 months. |
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Location:
Subject:
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World
Reproduction
Black Rhino
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| Observations of time intervals between successive births of same female:
40+ months, 32+ months (Greed 1967)
2 observations of 30 months (Hays 1967)
23 ? months (Yamamoto 1967)
2 observations of 24 months, 35 ? months (Goddard 1967)
25, 28, 29 months (Goddard 1967)
Roth & Child (1968) deduc... |
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