 | Heerden, J. van; Keffen, R.H.; Kuhn, F.; Rogers, P.; Morkel, P.; Atalia, N.; Raath, J.P.; Kernes, D.J. 1994 Clinical pathology parameters in white, black and northern white rhinos: pp. 189-195, tables 1-4
 | In: Penzhorn, B.L. et al. Proceedings of a symposium on rhinos as game ranch animals. Onderstepoort, Republic of South Africa, 9-10 September 1994: pp. i-iv, 1-242 |
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World
Physiology
African Rhino Species
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| Laboratory-determined biological parameters are extensively employed in the diagnosis of disease in man and animals, in preventive medicine and as management tools. Reference ranges that serve as a guide to the veterinary clinician in the evaluation of parameters obtained from specific animals, ... |
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| Trendler, K. 1994 Hand-rearing rhino calves: pp. 162-163
| In: Penzhorn, B.L. et al. Proceedings of a symposium on rhinos as game ranch animals. Onderstepoort, Republic of South Africa, 9-10 September 1994: pp. i-iv, 1-242 |
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World
Physiology
All Rhino Species
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| Normal rectal temperature is around 37,5?C; normal respiration is 16-30/minute. |
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| Morkel, P. 1994 Chemical immobilization of the black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis): pp. 128-135
| In: Penzhorn, B.L. et al. Proceedings of a symposium on rhinos as game ranch animals. Onderstepoort, Republic of South Africa, 9-10 September 1994: pp. i-iv, 1-242 |
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World
Physiology
Black Rhino
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| In common with the equids they are hindgut fermenters |
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| Morkel, P. 1994 Chemical immobilization of the black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis): pp. 128-135
| In: Penzhorn, B.L. et al. Proceedings of a symposium on rhinos as game ranch animals. Onderstepoort, Republic of South Africa, 9-10 September 1994: pp. i-iv, 1-242 |
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World
Physiology
Black Rhino
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| Heart rate is best obtained using a stethoscope, by feeling the artery under the base of the tail (caudal artery) or on the inside of the ear (medical auricular artery), or by putting a flat hand on the chest over the heart. The heart rate is usually 55-80 beats/minute although it will be higher... |
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| Hattingh, J.; Knox, C.M.; Raath, J.P. 1994 Arterial blood pressure and blood gas composition of white rhinoceroses under etorphine anaesthesia. South African Journal of Wildlife Research 24 (1/2): 12-14, table 1 |
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Physiology
White Rhino
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| - arterial blood pressure in Ceratotherium simum
Table 1 Mean arterial blood pressure and arterial P02 and PC02 of white rhinoceroses immobilized with etorphine/ fentanyl (n = 6) and etorphine/ azaperone (n = 6) mixtures
Etorphine/fentanyl Etorphine/azaperone
Arterial pr... |
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| Vahala, J.; Kase, F.; Ryder, O.A. 1994 Haematological and biochemical values of the blood and blood serum of captive northern white rhinoceroses (Ceratotherium simum cottoni). Acta Veterinaria Brno 63: 99-102 |
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Captive
Physiology
White Rhino
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| No details available yet |
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| Schwarzenberger, F.; Francke, R.; Goeltenboth, R. 1993 Concentrations of faecal immunoreactive progestagen metabolites during the oestrous cycle and pregnancy in the black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis michaeli). Journal of Reproduction and Fertility 98: 285-291, figs. 1-4 |
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Africa
Physiology
Black Rhino
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| No details available yet |
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| Schwarzenberger, F.; Tomasova, K.; Walzer, C.; Moestl, E. 1993 Preliminary results of fecal progestagen evaluations in the white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum) indicate an estrous cycle length of about 10 weeks. Biology of Reproduction 50 Suppl 1: 171 |
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Africa
Physiology
White Rhino
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| No details available yet |
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| Henry, S.; Lance, V.A.; Conlon, J.M. 1993 Purification and characterization of insulin and the C-peptide of proinsulin from Przewalski's horse, zebra, rhino, and tapir (Perissodactyla). General and Comparative Endocrinology 89: 299-308, figs. 1-3, tables 1-3 |
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World
Physiology
All Rhino Species
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| No details available yet |
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| Smith, Joe 1993 Serum and tissue iron in black rhinoceros: pp. 1-12
| In: Blumer, E.S. et al. The proceedings of the first international workshop on the diseases of black rhinos Diceros bicornis, August 27-29, 1993 at White Oak Conservation Center, Yulee, FL, U.S.A.. Yulee, White Oak Conservation Center: [unpaginated] |
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Captive
Physiology
Black Rhino
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| No details available yet |
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