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Reference Base  The mammals of the southern African subregion, new edition |
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| Title: |
The mammals of the southern African subregion, new edition |
| Author(s): |
Skinner, J.D.; Smithers, R.H.N. |
| Year published: |
1990 |
| Publisher: |
Pretoria, University of Pretoria |
| Volume: |
- |
| Pages: |
pp. i-xxxii, 1-771 |
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| File: |
View PDF: 1,4 mb |
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World
Morphology
White Rhino
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| wide squared-off lips. The lower lip has a hard surface; the upper is sensitive and soft which allows the individual to detect and then crop grass to within 10 mm of the ground. |
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World
Morphology
White Rhino
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| Thick skin. The skin may reach a thickness of about 20 mm on the shoulders. The thick dermis covered with a thin laser of epidermis barely 1 mm thick. Scattered over the surface of the skin are sweat glands which, when the individual is under stress, exude droplets of sweat. Underlying the ski... |
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World
Morphology - Size
Black Rhino
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| The maximum front horn length recorded by Best & Best (1977) for a specimen from northern Natal is 1,05 m, with a rear horn of 0,52 m, which is surpassed by several from East Africa where the maximum is 1,20 m and 0,445 m respectively. |
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Africa - Southern Africa - South Africa
Morphology - Size
Black Rhino
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| In Zululand the front horn in black rhinoceros is invariably longer than the back. In Hluhluwe-Umfolozi in 1973 only 2,5% of males had anterior horns = posterior, and none shorter (n=120). For females the figures are 14,2% and 5,7% (n=106). For 1985 the figures are for males 0% and 0% (n=58) a... |
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World
Morphology
Black Rhino
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| The limbs have three digits each, with broad, stout nails which mark clearly in the spoor. The front feet are larger than the hind as they have to carry the great mass of the huge shoulders, neck and head. The cushioned pads on the soles of the feet have a hard surface with a mosaic of irregula... |
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World
Morphology
Black Rhino
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| Some characteristic features which serve to distinguish them from their near relative, the white rhinoceros, Ceratotheriurn simum, include their possession of a prehensile upper lip (Fig. 296.1), which is used in grasping the twigs of the woody plants on which they feed, |
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World
Morphology
Black Rhino
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| The skin is thick, with a sparse scattering of hairs. |
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World
Reproduction
White Rhino
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| Females breed from an age of four years |
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World
Reproduction
Black Rhino
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| Calving intervals in Hluhluwe were 44 months and in Umfolozi 30 months. |
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Location:
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World
Reproduction
Black Rhino
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| Hitchins & Anderson (1983) found that females may produce calves when only 6,5 years of age, but this is exceptional and they usually only conceive after seven years of age. |
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Categories and original text of this Reference:
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