 Reference Base  Gross anatomical studies of nasal cavity of rhino calf (R... |
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| Location: |
Asia - South Asia - India - Assam |
| Subject: |
Anatomy - Head |
| Species: |
Indian Rhino |
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Rhinoceros unicornis, Kaziranga, Assam, India (n=3). The nasal cavity extends from the nostril to the ventral margin of sella turcica. It is bounded dorsally by the basal part of the frontal bone, laterally by the lacrimal, malar, maxilla and the nasal process of the premaxilla, but ventrally by the palatine process of the premaxilla and maxilla. The nasal cavity is short, narrow rostrally and widest at the level of the angle of the mouth. The nasal canity was divided into two equal halves by the nasal septum. The median nasal septum was mainly cartilaginous. The nasal cavities on either side communicated freely with each other through the naso-pharyngeal meatus. There were two nasal conchae, the dorsal concha was smaller and originated from the crest of the nasal bone and extended from the ventral floor of the rostral nasal bone up to the caudal margin of the great ethmo-turbinate. The anterior part of the dorsal nasal concha was tappered and increased in width towards the caudal part up to the level of great ethmo-turbinate.
The ventral part of the dorsal concha has a strong straight basal fold connected to the craniolateral part of the ventral nasal concha. The ventral nasal concha was larger and projected ventromedially from the palatine bone and it extended from the ventromedial margin of the nostril upto the caudal boundary of the hard palate. The height of the ventral concha increased caudally and was widest at the part dorsal to the middle half of the hard palate. A strong alar fold was found in the craniolateral margin of the ventral concha which blended with the mucous membrane of the nostril. There were six ethmo-turbinates in the nasal cavity which sprang from the vranial border of the cribriform plate of ethmoid bone. The largest ethmo-turbinates were located cranially. There were 4 meatus in the nasal cavity: the dorsal meatus extended from the basal part of the rostral nasal bone up to the dorsal margin of the cribriform plate, which lay above the dorsal nasal concha. The ventral meatus was very short and it extended only from the middle part of the ventral nasal concha. The common nasal meatus extended from the vestible to the ethmoid bone on either side of the nasal septum, which communicated with all the three nasal meatus.
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